The Hub Competition in Delivering Air Connectivity between China and Oceania

Aviation hubs are pivotal intermediate nodes for connecting people around the world. However, there has been limited investigation on competitive hub landscape in China–Oceania market. Employing an updated Connectivity Utility Model, we examine connections provided by mainland China, Hong Kong and Macau, other Asian countries Oceania from quantity quality dimensions between 1997 2019. The results indicate that solid growth of China suppress development hubs. major competitions Oceanian have shifted competing with outside their respective regions to within regions, while primary competitors changed each region. In monopoly market, always enjoyed greatest superiority. overlapping dominance both challenged a semiregulated operating environment shaped China’s centralized government, coordination airlines, airports governments is crucial future construction.